Federal budget 2016: Top earners benefit
most from negative gearing, Grattan Institute finds
- Peter Martin - April 25 2016 - 9:10PM
Surgeons, anaesthetists,
finance managers and lawyers will be the overwhelming beneficiaries of the
Turnbull government's decision
not to touch negative gearing in the budget, research shows.
Negative
gearing to remain untouched
Who are the real winners with the
government deciding not to touch negative gearing in the budget? Peter Martin
explains.
Prepared by the Grattan
Institute using Tax Office data, it finds that teachers, nurses, hairdressers
and sales assistants are among those least likely to negatively gear. The top
10 per cent of earners collect almost half the negative gearing tax deductions
and three-quarters of the concessionally taxed capital gains.
Shown to the government early,
before its announcement on Sunday that it would leave negative gearing and
capital gains tax concessions untouched, the Grattan Institute research finds
the two concessions combined cost the budget $11 billion a year.
The top 10 per cent of earners
collect almost half the negative gearing tax deductions, the research finds.
Photo: Louie Douvis
It endorses Labor's plan to cut
the tax discount for capital gains from 50 per cent to 25 per cent and to
restrict negative gearing deductions to non-wage income. Its plan differs from
Labor's in that after a phase-in period existing investors would not be exempt
and nor would those who invest in new properties.
"Investors now account for
more than half of new loans for housing, up from 29 per cent two decades
ago," it says. "This is one reason (though by no means the only one)
why rates of home ownership are falling among younger age groups."
Negative gearers need to keep
switching properties to stop annual rent increases eating into their tax
losses. About 80 per cent of all properties bought by negatively geared
investors are sold within five years, compared with an industry average of 60
per cent.
The institute says that so
generous is the combination of negative gearing and capital gains tax
concessions that some negative gearers are able to pay less tax in total than
if they hadn't geared at all, despite making profits on their investments.
"In effect, they pay no tax on their profits, despite receiving a tax
bonus," it says.
Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull
said on Sunday that Labor's plan would take a "sledgehammer" to
property prices by taking one-third of the buyers out of the market. But the
Grattan Institute says its plan would dent prices by less than 2 per cent and
scarcely affect rents.
Government
won't touch negative gearing
Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull says
the government won't 'have a bar of' negative gearing. While Labor sticks with
its plan. Vision ABC News 24.
"Every time an investor
sells a property to a renter, there is one less rental property, and one less
renter. There is no change to the balance between supply and demand," it
says. "Others may sell to another investor, but one that doesn't rely on
negative gearing. Again, this doesn't reduce the number of rental
properties."
Although Labor's plan to
restrict negative gearing to investors in new housing would make little
difference to housing supply, it could be worth doing "if it appeals to
intuitions that tax benefits will produce more new housing, even if theory and
history suggest that the effects will be small".
Every time an investor sells a
property to a renter, there is one less rental property, and one less renter.
There is no change to the balance between supply and demand.
John Daley, Grattan
Institute
The institute says Australia is
almost alone, along with New Zealand, in allowing rental losses to be deducted
from ordinary wage income. The United States only allows deductions against
other investment income, while Britain only allows deductions against capital
gains from other rental properties.
The report's principal author,
John Daley, said he was disappointed that the government wouldn't be changing
the rules given the strength of the case for change, and also "somewhat
bemused" by an example cited by the Prime Minister of a family that was
negatively gearing to buy a property for their one-year-old daughter.
He asked: "What sort of country
is it in which the only way you can expect to get into the housing market is if
your parents start saving for you when you are aged one?"
The top 10 per cent of earners
collect almost half the negative gearing tax deductions, the research finds.
This story has been brought to you by the Emerald Chamber of Commerce Inc.